“‘Vanity
of vanities,’ says the Preacher, ‘Vanity of vanities! All is vanity.’ What
advantage does man have in all his work Which he does under the sun? A
generation goes and a generation comes, But the earth remains forever” (Eccl.
1:2-4).
What
is this life? That is the fundamental question asked in the Book of
Ecclesiastes, which leads the reader through a series of inquiries dealing with
the absolute emptiness of this existence. A season comes and a season goes. A
man dies, a child is born. The rain falls down, flows to the sea, and once more
returns to the clouds. What is the point behind all of it? Naturally, that
question would mean nothing for an atheist that does not believe in God. “The
mysteries of the world which meet man as a moral being remain, under this view
of the world (atheism or pantheism), altogether without solution. For the moral
order of the world presupposes an absolutely good being, from whom it has
proceeded, and who sustains it” (Keil and Delitzsch. Commentary On The Old
Testament. Vol. 6, 179).
The
atheist is confronted with a problem that is not solvable: what is the point
behind it all? If we are to believe that there is no God, no afterlife, and no
spiritual existence, then we are all just animals on this insignificant planet
flying through space.
The
difference between believing in God and not is that when we have something
meaningful to believe in, it gives us purpose. If God does not exist, then why
be nice to anybody? Why not simply steal, obey our animal instincts, and do
whatever we can to survive? Atheism makes all of our meaningful pursuits
meaningless. Whether or not God exists, monuments are torn down, headstones
crumble, and our names will disappear. If there is a God, then we have
something more to look forward to than decaying in the ground.
“Vanity
of vanities” is a phrase used to signify something with absolutely no point
behind it: it serves no greater purpose. Vine describes it as “emptiness as to
results,” like the way a man works in Ecclesiastes. “What advantage does man
have in all his work which he does under the sun?” (1:3). When we think about how
much we have to work in this world, and how little we end up receiving from it,
all we can say is “Vanity!”
Indeed,
since the sin of Adam mankind has had to toil for his food (Gen. 3:17-19). For
an entire season, a person may work in the field, and it may take months for a
plant to mature and yield fruit. But all it takes is a few moments to eat that
fruit and a pestilence or swarm of locusts can destroy a year’s supply of food
in a day. So much work for nothing!
When
confronted with such vanities, it is tempting to lose heart and consider
ourselves hopeless. Yet we are given hope, even in the midst of such downright
sadness. We need to realize the point being made by Solomon. He was a man with
so much wealth and wisdom that he thought he could answer the age old question:
how can I be fulfilled in this world? Only after so many years of exploration
and experimentation did he finally realize that the only answer is that there
is no fulfillment in this world. He could not be happy with wealth, knowledge,
sex, alcohol, monuments, or power. We can only be happy seeking our true
purpose.
“The
conclusion, when all has been heard is: fear God and keep His commandments,
because this applies to every person” (Eccl. 12:13).
Paolo Di
Luca (Bridge
Street Church of Christ; New Martinsville WV)